cfg/cfg.h

#include <assert.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#include <stdbool.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/types.h>

// Utilities

size_t max(size_t a, size_t b) { return a > b ? a : b; }

// Data types: list, string and map

//// Constants

#define DEFAULT_LIST_SIZE 8
#define GROWTH_FACTOR 2

//// Data types

///// string is a string with a length and a capacity

typedef struct string {
  size_t len;
  size_t cap;
  char* str;
} string;

//// Functions

///// string functions

string new_string() {
  string s;
  s.len = 0;
  s.cap = 0;
  s.str = NULL;
  return s;
}

string new_string_sized(size_t size) {
  string s;
  s.len = 0;
  s.cap = size;
  s.str = calloc(size, sizeof(char));
  return s;
}

void free_string(string s) {
  free(s.str);
}

char* string_cstr(string* s) {
  char* c = malloc(s->len+1);
  memcpy(c, s->str, s->len);
  c[s->len] = '\0';
  return c;
}

string string_from_cstr(char* c) {
  assert(c != NULL);
  size_t l = strlen(c);
  string s = new_string_sized(l);
  s.len = l;
  memcpy(s.str, c, s.len);
  return s;
}

void string_grow_min(string* s, size_t min_growth) {
  s->cap = max(s->cap+min_growth, s->cap*GROWTH_FACTOR);
  s->str = realloc(s->str, s->cap);
}

void string_cappend(string* s, char* c) {
  assert(c != NULL);
  size_t l = strlen(c);
  if (s->cap < s->len + l) string_grow_min(s, l);
  memcpy(s->str+s->len, c, l);
  s->len += l;
}

void string_append(string* a, string* b) {
  if (a->cap < a->len + b->len) string_grow_min(a, b->len);
  memcpy(a->str+a->len, b->str, b->len);
  a->len += b->len;
}

string string_slice(string* s, size_t front, size_t back) {
  assert(front < back);
  assert(front < s->len);
  assert(back < s->len);
  size_t len = back - front;
  string res = new_string_sized(len);
  res.len = len;
  memcpy(res.str, s->str+front, len);
  return res;
}

bool string_compare(string* a, string* b) {
  if (a->len != b->len) return false;
  return strncmp(a->str, b->str, a->len) == 0;
}

ssize_t string_count_escaped_chars(string* s) {
  size_t i;
  ssize_t res = 0;
  for (i = 0; i < s->len; i++) if (s->str[i] == '"' || s->str[i] == '\\') res++;
  return res;
}

string string_quote(string* replace) {
  size_t i = 0;
  ssize_t quotes = string_count_escaped_chars(replace);
  string res = new_string_sized(replace->len+quotes);
  res.len = res.cap;

  quotes = 0;
  for (i = 0; i < replace->len; i++) {
    if (replace->str[i] == '"') res.str[i+(quotes++)] = '\\';
    else if (replace->str[i] == '\\') res.str[i+(quotes++)] = '\\';
    res.str[i+quotes] = replace->str[i];
  }

  return res;
}

ssize_t string_find_whitespace(string* s) {
  ssize_t i;
  char c;
  for (i = 0; i < s->len; i++) {
    c = s->str[i];
    if (c == ' ' || c == '\n' || c == '\t') return i;
  }
  return -1;
}

// FNV-1a
size_t string_hash(string* s) {
  size_t hash = 2166136261;

  for (size_t i = 0; i < s->len; i++) {
    hash ^= s->str[i];
    hash *= 16777619;
  }

  return hash;
}

///// list functions

///// list is a list with a length and on-demand growing/shrinking

#define LIST(type, cleanup) \
typedef struct list_##type { \
  size_t len; \
  size_t cap; \
  type* data; \
} list_##type; \
 \
list_##type new_list_sized_##type(size_t size) { \
  list_##type l; \
  l.len = 0; \
  l.cap = size; \
  l.data = calloc(size, sizeof(type)); \
  return l; \
} \
 \
list_##type new_list_##type() { \
  return new_list_sized_##type(DEFAULT_LIST_SIZE); \
} \
 \
void free_list_##type(list_##type l) { \
  size_t i; \
  for (i = 0; i < l.len; i++) cleanup(l.data[i]); \
  free(l.data); \
} \
 \
void list_grow_##type(list_##type* l) { \
  if (l->cap == 0) l->cap = DEFAULT_LIST_SIZE; \
  else l->cap *= GROWTH_FACTOR; \
  l->data = realloc(l->data, l->cap*sizeof(type)); \
} \
 \
void list_shrink_##type(list_##type* l) { \
  l->cap /= GROWTH_FACTOR; \
  l->data = realloc(l->data, l->cap*sizeof(type)); \
} \
 \
void list_push_##type(list_##type* l, type elem) { \
  if (l->len == l->cap) list_grow_##type(l); \
  l->data[l->len] = elem; \
  l->len++; \
} \
 \
type list_pop_##type(list_##type* l) { \
  if (l->len*GROWTH_FACTOR < l->cap) list_shrink_##type(l); \
  return l->data[--l->len]; \
} \
 \
type list_nth_##type(list_##type* l, size_t n) { \
  assert(n >= 0); \
  assert(n < l->len); \
  return l->data[n]; \
} \
 \
void list_set_nth_##type(list_##type* l, size_t n, type elem) { \
  assert(n >= 0); \
  assert(n < l->len); \
  l->data[n] = elem; \
} \

///// map is a hashmap

#define MAP(key_type, val_type, hash, cmp, key_cleanup, val_cleanup) \
typedef struct entry_##key_type##_##val_type { \
  key_type key; \
  val_type val; \
} entry_##key_type##_##val_type; \
 \
\
void entry_##key_type##_##val_type##_cleanup(entry_##key_type##_##val_type e) {\
  key_cleanup(e.key);\
  val_cleanup(e.val);\
}\
\
LIST(entry_##key_type##_##val_type, entry_##key_type##_##val_type##_cleanup); \
LIST(list_entry_##key_type##_##val_type, free_list_entry_##key_type##_##val_type); \
LIST(key_type, key_cleanup); \
LIST(val_type, val_cleanup); \
 \
typedef struct map_##key_type##_##val_type { \
  list_list_entry_##key_type##_##val_type entries; \
  size_t size; \
} map_##key_type##_##val_type; \
 \
map_##key_type##_##val_type new_map_##key_type##_##val_type(size_t size) { \
  size_t i; \
  map_##key_type##_##val_type m;\
  m.entries = \
    new_list_sized_list_entry_##key_type##_##val_type(size); \
  for (i = 0; i < size; i++) list_push_list_entry_##key_type##_##val_type(&m.entries, new_list_entry_##key_type##_##val_type()); \
  m.size = size; \
  return m; \
} \
 \
void free_map_##key_type##_##val_type(map_##key_type##_##val_type m) { \
  free_list_list_entry_##key_type##_##val_type(m.entries); \
} \
 \
void map_put_##key_type##_##val_type(map_##key_type##_##val_type* m, key_type key, val_type val) { \
  size_t hashed = hash(&key) % m->size; \
  entry_##key_type##_##val_type e; \
  e.key = key; \
  e.val = val; \
  list_entry_##key_type##_##val_type bucket = \
    list_nth_list_entry_##key_type##_##val_type(&m->entries, hashed); \
  list_push_entry_##key_type##_##val_type(&bucket, e); \
  list_set_nth_list_entry_##key_type##_##val_type(&m->entries, hashed, bucket);\
} \
 \
val_type map_get_##key_type##_##val_type(map_##key_type##_##val_type* m, key_type key, val_type dflt) { \
  size_t i; \
  size_t hashed = hash(&key) % m->size; \
  list_entry_##key_type##_##val_type bucket = \
    list_nth_list_entry_##key_type##_##val_type(&m->entries, hashed); \
 \
  for (i = 0; i < bucket.len; i++) { \
    entry_##key_type##_##val_type e = list_nth_entry_##key_type##_##val_type(&bucket, i); \
    if (cmp(&key, &e.key)) return e.val; \
  } \
 \
  return dflt; \
} \
 \
list_##key_type map_keys_##key_type##_##val_type(map_##key_type##_##val_type* m) { \
  size_t i, j; \
  list_entry_##key_type##_##val_type bucket; \
  list_##key_type res = new_list_##key_type(); \
  list_list_entry_##key_type##_##val_type entries = m->entries; \
 \
  for (i = 0; i < entries.len; i++) { \
    bucket = list_nth_list_entry_##key_type##_##val_type(&entries, i); \
    for (j = 0; j < bucket.len; j++) { \
      list_push_##key_type(&res, list_nth_entry_##key_type##_##val_type(&bucket, j).key); \
    } \
  } \
 \
  return res; \
} \
 \
list_##val_type map_vals_##key_type##_##val_type(map_##key_type##_##val_type* m) { \
  size_t i, j; \
  list_entry_##key_type##_##val_type bucket; \
  list_##val_type res = new_list_##val_type(); \
  list_list_entry_##key_type##_##val_type entries = m->entries; \
 \
  for (i = 0; i < entries.len; i++) { \
    bucket = list_nth_list_entry_##key_type##_##val_type(&entries, i); \
    for (j = 0; j < bucket.len; j++) { \
      list_push_##val_type(&res, list_nth_entry_##key_type##_##val_type(&bucket, j).val); \
    } \
  } \
 \
  return res; \
} \
 \
list_entry_##key_type##_##val_type map_entries_##key_type##_##val_type(map_##key_type##_##val_type* m) { \
  size_t i, j; \
  list_entry_##key_type##_##val_type bucket; \
  list_entry_##key_type##_##val_type res = new_list_entry_##key_type##_##val_type(); \
  list_list_entry_##key_type##_##val_type entries = m->entries; \
 \
  for (i = 0; i < entries.len; i++) { \
    bucket = list_nth_list_entry_##key_type##_##val_type(&entries, i); \
    for (j = 0; j < bucket.len; j++) { \
      list_push_entry_##key_type##_##val_type( \
        &res, \
        list_nth_entry_##key_type##_##val_type(&bucket, j) \
      ); \
    } \
  } \
 \
  return res; \
} \

// Config: a simple configuration language

// Types: a config type and a config value type

typedef struct config config;
struct list_config_value;

typedef struct config_value {
  char tag;
  union {
    config* section;
    string s;
    double d;
    struct list_config_value* l;
  };
} config_value;

config_value zero_config_value = {0};

void free_config_value(config_value);

MAP(string, config_value, string_hash, string_compare, free_string, free_config_value);

struct config {
  map_string_config_value values;
};

#define config_value_section 1
#define config_value_string 2
#define config_value_number 3
#define config_value_list 4

//// Functions

void free_config(config c) {
  free_map_string_config_value(c.values);
}

void free_config_value(config_value c) {
  switch (c.tag) {
    case config_value_section:
      free_config(*c.section);
      free(c.section);
      break;
    case config_value_string:
      free_string(c.s);
      break;
    case config_value_list:
      free_list_config_value(*c.l);
      free(c.l);
      break;
    // number does not need to be freed
  }
}

bool config_value_compare(config_value* a, config_value* b) {
  if (a->tag != b->tag) return false;
  switch (a->tag) {
    case config_value_section:
      return false;
      //return map_compare(&a->section->values, &b->section->values);
    case config_value_string:
      return string_compare(&a->s, &b->s);
    case config_value_number:
      return a->d == b->d;
    case config_value_list:
      return false;
      //return list_compare(&a->l, &b->l, config_value_compare);
  }
  return false;
}

string config_str(config* c, size_t indent);

string config_value_str(config_value* c, size_t indent) {
  size_t i, j;
  char tmp[128];
  string sub;
  string res = new_string();
  config_value val;

  switch (c->tag) {
    case config_value_section:
      string_cappend(&res, "\n");
      sub = config_str(c->section, indent+2);
      string_append(&res, &sub);
      return res;
    case config_value_string:
      string_cappend(&res, "\"");
      sub = string_quote(&c->s);
      string_append(&res, &sub);
      string_cappend(&res, "\"");
      break;
    case config_value_number:
      snprintf(tmp, 128, "%lf", c->d);
      string_cappend(&res, tmp);
      break;
    case config_value_list:
      for (i = 0; i < c->l->len; i++) {
        string_cappend(&res, "\n");
        for (j = 0; j < indent; j++) string_cappend(&res, " ");
        string_cappend(&res, "  - ");
        val = list_nth_config_value(c->l, i);
        sub = config_value_str(&val, indent+2);
        string_append(&res, &sub);
        free_string(sub);
      }
  }
  return res;
}

config_value config_section(config* section) {
  config_value res;
  res.tag = config_value_section;
  res.section = section;
  return res;
}

config_value config_string(string s) {
  config_value res;
  res.tag = config_value_string;
  res.s = s;
  return res;
}

config_value config_number(double d) {
  config_value res;
  res.tag = config_value_number;
  res.d = d;
  return res;
}

config_value config_list(list_config_value* l) {
  config_value res;
  res.tag = config_value_list;
  res.l = l;
  return res;
}

////// config functions

config new_config() {
  config c;
  c.values = new_map_string_config_value(1024);
  return c;
}

string config_str(config* c, size_t indent) {
  size_t i, j;
  string key;
  config_value val;
  list_string keys = map_keys_string_config_value(&c->values);
  string res = new_string();
  string tmp;

  for (i = 0; i < keys.len; i++) {
    key = list_nth_string(&keys, i);
    for (j = 0; j < indent; j++) string_cappend(&res, " ");
    string_append(&res, &key);
    string_cappend(&res, " ");
    val = map_get_string_config_value(&c->values, key, zero_config_value);
    tmp = config_value_str(&val, indent);
    string_append(&res, &tmp);
    free_string(tmp);
    string_cappend(&res, "\n");
  }

  return res;
}

void config_add_section(config* c, string label, config* section) {
  assert(c != section && "cannot nest section in itself");
  map_put_string_config_value(&c->values, label, config_section(section));
}

void config_add_string(config* c, string label, string s) {
  map_put_string_config_value(&c->values, label, config_string(s));
}

void config_add_number(config* c, string label, double d) {
  map_put_string_config_value(&c->values, label, config_number(d));
}

void config_add_list(config* c, string label, list_config_value* l) {
  map_put_string_config_value(&c->values, label, config_list(l));
}

// Parser

typedef struct parsed_value {
  bool ok;
  size_t consumed;
  union {
    string err;
    config_value v;
  };
} parsed_value;

typedef struct parsed_config {
  bool ok;
  size_t consumed;
  union {
    string err;
    config c;
  };
} parsed_config;

bool config_parse_line(string* s, size_t* line, size_t* col) {
  bool seen = false;
  while (*s->str == '\n') {
    seen = true;
    s->str++;
    (*line)++;
    *col = 1;
  }
  return seen;
}

ssize_t config_parse_indent(string* s, size_t* col) {
  ssize_t count = 0;
  while (*s->str == ' ') {
    s->str++;
    count++;
    (*col)++;
  }
  return count;
}

parsed_value config_value_parse_error(char* msg, size_t line, size_t col) {
  parsed_value res;
  char tmp[128];
  res.ok = false;
  snprintf(tmp, 128, "%zu:%zu: %s", line, col, msg);
  res.err = string_from_cstr(tmp);
  return res;
}

parsed_value config_parse_value(string*, size_t*, size_t*, size_t);
parsed_config config_parse_internal(string*, size_t*, size_t*, size_t);

parsed_value config_parse_list(string* s, size_t* line, size_t* col, size_t indent, size_t consumed) {
  parsed_value elem;
  size_t ind;
  list_config_value* l = malloc(sizeof(list_config_value));
  *l =new_list_config_value();

  while(true) {
    if (s->str[0] != ' ' && s->str[0] != '\n') return config_value_parse_error("expected space to start list element", *line, *col);
    if (s->str[0] == ' ') s->str++;
    consumed += 1;
    elem = config_parse_value(s, line, col, indent);

    if (!elem.ok) return elem;

    list_push_config_value(l, elem.v);
    consumed += elem.consumed;
    s->str += elem.consumed;

    if (s->str[0] == '\0') break;
    if (!config_parse_line(s, line, col)) return config_value_parse_error("expected newline", *line, *col);

    ind = config_parse_indent(s, col);

    if(ind < indent) { s->str -= ind; col -= ind; break; }
    if (ind > indent) return config_value_parse_error("unexpected indent", *line, *col);
    consumed += ind;

    if (s->str[0] != '-') return config_value_parse_error("expected hyphen to start list element", *line, *col);
    s->str++;
    consumed += 1;
  }

  return (parsed_value){.ok=true, .consumed=consumed, .v=config_list(l)};
}

parsed_value config_parse_section(string* s, size_t* line, size_t* col, size_t indent, size_t consumed) {
  config* res;
  *col -= consumed;
  s->str -= consumed;
  parsed_config c = config_parse_internal(s, line, col, indent);

  if (!c.ok) return (parsed_value){.ok=false, .consumed=c.consumed, .err=c.err};

  res = malloc(sizeof(config));
  *res = c.c;
  return (parsed_value){.ok=true, consumed=c.consumed, .v=config_section(res)};
}

parsed_value config_parse_list_or_section(string* s, size_t* line, size_t* col, size_t indent) {
  size_t ind;

  if (!config_parse_line(s, line, col)) return config_value_parse_error("expected newline", *line, *col);

  ind = config_parse_indent(s, col);
  if (ind < indent) return config_value_parse_error("expected greater indent", *line, *col);
  if (ind > indent) return config_value_parse_error("unexpected indent", *line, *col);

  if (s->str[0] == '-') { s->str++; return config_parse_list(s, line, col, indent, ind+1); }
  return config_parse_section(s, line, col, indent, ind);
}

parsed_value config_parse_string(string* s, size_t* line, size_t* col) {
  size_t i;
  for (i = 1; i < s->len; i++) {
    (*col)++;
    if (s->str[i] == '\\') {
      if (i +1 == s->len) return config_value_parse_error("Unexpected EOF, expected end of string", *line, *col);
      i++;
    } else if (s->str[i] == '"') {
      return (parsed_value){.ok=true, .consumed=i+1, .v=config_string(string_slice(s, 1, i))};
    } else if (s->str[i] == '\0') {
      break;
    } else if (s->str[i] == '\n') {
      (*line)++;
      *col = 0;
    }
  }
  return config_value_parse_error("Unterminated string", *line, *col);
}

parsed_value config_parse_number(string* s, size_t* line, size_t* col) {
  int i;
  ssize_t end = string_find_whitespace(s);
  bool dot = false;
  string to_parse = string_slice(s, 0, end == -1 ? s->len-1 : end);

  for (i = 0; i < to_parse.len; i++) {
    (*col)++;
    if (isdigit(to_parse.str[i])) {
    } else if (!dot && to_parse.str[i] == '.') {
      dot = true;
    } else if (i == 0 && to_parse.str[i] == '-') {
    } else if (to_parse.str[i] == '\0') {
      break;
    } else {
      return config_value_parse_error("Expected number, got unparseable", *line, *col);
    }
  }

  return (parsed_value){
    .ok=true,
    .consumed=to_parse.len,
    .v=config_number(strtod(string_cstr(&to_parse), NULL))
  };
}

parsed_value config_parse_value(string* s, size_t* line, size_t* col, size_t indent) {
  if (s->str[0] == '"') return config_parse_string(s, line, col);
  if (s->str[0] == '\n') return config_parse_list_or_section(s, line, col, indent+2);
  return config_parse_number(s, line, col);
}

parsed_config config_parse_error(char* msg, size_t line, size_t col) {
  parsed_config res;
  char tmp[128];
  res.ok = false;
  snprintf(tmp, 128, "%zu:%zu: %s", line, col, msg);
  res.err = string_from_cstr(tmp);
  return res;
}

void config_parse_trim(string* s, size_t* line, size_t* col, size_t* consumed) {
  while (*s->str == ' ' || *s->str == '\t') {
    (*col)++;
    s->str++;
    (*consumed)++;
  }
}

parsed_config config_parse_internal(string* s, size_t* line, size_t* col, size_t indent) {
  parsed_config res;
  parsed_value val;
  string label;
  size_t ind;
  ssize_t whitespace;
  size_t consumed = 0;
  map_string_config_value values = new_map_string_config_value(1024);

  while(s->str[0] != '\0') {
    ind = config_parse_indent(s, col);

    if (ind > indent) return config_parse_error("unexpected indent", *line, *col);
    if (ind < indent) break;

    consumed += ind;

    whitespace = string_find_whitespace(s);

    if (whitespace == -1) return config_parse_error("expected whitespace, got EOF", *line, (*col)+s->len);

    label = string_slice(s, 0, whitespace);
    s->str += whitespace;
    *col += whitespace;
    consumed += consumed;
    config_parse_trim(s, line, col, &consumed);

    val = config_parse_value(s, line, col, indent);

    if (!val.ok) return (parsed_config){.ok=false, .err=val.err};

    s->str += val.consumed;
    consumed += val.consumed;

    map_put_string_config_value(&values, label, val.v);

    if (!config_parse_line(s, line, col) && s->str[0] != '\0') return config_parse_error("expected newline", *line, *col);
    consumed++;
  }

  res.c.values = values;
  res.ok = true;
  res.consumed = consumed;
  return res;
}

parsed_config config_parse(string* s) {
  size_t line = 1;
  size_t col = 1;
  return config_parse_internal(s, &line, &col, 0);
}