path/path.carp

(doc Path "is a simple file path library for Carp.

## Installation

```clojure
(load \"https://veitheller.de/git/carpentry/path@0.0.2\")
```

### Usage

The `Path` module mostly operates on `String` arguments. It allows you to
split, join, and merge paths and extensions in a lot of different ways. It also
has some functions to work with the `PATH` environment variable.

It assumes either Windows or POSIX-style separators.")
(defmodule Path
  (doc absolute? "checks whether a path is absolute.

As such, it is the inverse to [relative?](#relative?).")
  (doc separator "is the default separator we use on this OS.")
  (doc separators "is the possible separators we could use on this OS.")
  (doc search-path-separator "is the separator for the `PATH` environment
variable we use on this OS.")
  (private extension-pat)
  (hidden extension-pat)
  (private sep-string)
  (hidden sep-string)
  (windows-only
    (defn absolute? [p] (Pattern.matches? #"[A-Za-z]:\\" p))
    (def separator \\)
    (def separators [\/ \\])
    (def search-path-separator \;)
    (def extension-pat #"\.[^\\/\.]*$")
    (def sep-string "\\"))
  (posix-only
    (defn absolute? [p] (String.starts-with? p "/"))
    (def separator \/)
    (def separators [\/])
    (def search-path-separator \:)
    (def extension-pat #"\.[^/\.]*$")
    (def sep-string "/"))

  (doc relative? "checks whether a path is relative.

As such, it is the inverse to [absolute?](#absolute?).")
  (defn relative? [p] (not (absolute? p)))

  (doc separator? "checks whether the character `c` is a path separator on this
OS.")
  (defn separator? [c] (Array.contains? &separators c))
  (doc separator? "checks whether the character `c` is a separator for the
`PATH` environment variable on this OS.")
  (defn search-path-separator? [c] (= search-path-separator c))

  (doc path-max "defines the maximum path length on this OS.")
  (register path-max Int "PATH_MAX")
  (private cwd-)
  (hidden cwd-)
  (register cwd- (Fn [String Int] String) "getcwd")
  (doc cwd "returns the current working directory as a `Maybe`. The ways in
which it can fail are OS-dependent, but it should happen relatively rare.")
  (defn cwd []
    (let [s (String.allocate path-max (Char.from-int 0))
          r (cwd- s path-max)]
      (if (null? (cstr &r))
        (Maybe.Nothing)
        (Maybe.Just r))))

  (doc </> "joins `before` and `after` using the default path separator.")
  (defn </> [before after] (fmt "%s%c%s" before separator after))

  (doc split "splits the path `p` into its components.

As such, it is the inverse to [join](#join).")
  (defn split [p] (String.split-by p &[separator]))
  (doc join "joins the path components `ps` into a path.

As such, it is the inverse to [split](#split).")
  (defn join [ps] (String.join sep-string ps))

  (doc filename "gets the filename of the path `p` as a `(Maybe String)`.

It will return `Nothing` if an empty string is passed.")
  (defn filename [p] (Array.last &(split p)))
  (doc basename "gets the basename of the path `p`.")
  (defn basename [p]
    (let [split (split p)
          but-last (Array.prefix &split (dec (Array.length &split)))]
      (String.join sep-string &but-last)))

  (doc split-extension "splits the path `p` on its extension.

It will return a `(Maybe (Pair String String))`. `Maybe` because there might not
be an extension, and `Pair` because it will return the part before and after
the extension.

Examples on POSIX:
```
(split-extension \"file.txt\")
; => (Maybe.Just (Pair \"file\" \"txt\"))
(split-extension \"file\")
; => (Maybe.Nothing)
(split-extension \"file/file.txt\")
; => (Maybe.Just (Pair \"file/file\" \"txt\"))
(split-extension \"file.txt/veit\")
; => (Maybe.Nothing)
(split-extension \"file.txt/veit.ext\")
; => (Maybe.Just (Pair \"file.txt/veit\" \"ext\"))
(split-extension \"file/path.txt.bob.fred\")
; => (Maybe.Just (Pair \"file/path.txt.bob\" \"fred\"))
```")
  (defn split-extension [p]
    (let [i (Pattern.find extension-pat p)]
      (if (= -1 i)
        (Maybe.Nothing)
        (Maybe.Just (Pair.init (prefix p i) (suffix p (inc i)))))))

  (doc extension "gets the extension of a file as a `Maybe`.")
  (defn extension [p]
    (Maybe.apply (split-extension p) &(fn [p] @(Pair.b &p))))

  (doc has-extension? "cheks whether the path `p` has an extension.")
  (defn has-extension? [p] (Maybe.just? &(split-extension p)))
  (doc is-extension? "checks whether the path `p` has the extension `ext`.")
  (defn is-extension? [p ext] (= &(extension p) &(Maybe.Just @ext)))

  (doc drop-extension "drops the extension of a path `p`. Does nothing if there
is none.")
  (defn drop-extension [p]
    (match (split-extension p)
      (Maybe.Nothing) @p
      (Maybe.Just pair) @(Pair.a &pair)))

  (doc add-extension "adds an extension `ext` to a path `p`.")
  (defn add-extension [p ext] (String.concat &[@p @"." @ext]))

  (doc replace-extension "replaces the extension of a path `p` with `ext`. Adds
an extension if there previously was none.")
  (defn replace-extension [p ext] (add-extension &(drop-extension p) ext))

  (doc absolute "makes an absolute path from `p`.")
  (defn absolute [p]
    (if (absolute? p)
      (Maybe.Just @p)
      (Maybe.apply (cwd) &(fn [d] (join &[d @p])))))

  (doc split-search-path "splits a `PATH` environment variable `p`.")
  (defn split-search-path [p] (String.split-by p &[search-path-separator]))
  (doc get-search-path "gets the `PATH` environment variable and splits it.")
  (defn get-search-path []
    (Maybe.apply (IO.getenv @"PATH") &(fn [p] (split-search-path &p))))
)